While natural ventilation in our homes is ideal, factors like poorly ventilated spaces, winter, or living near construction sites can make it impossible to renew the air this way. In these cases, it’s crucial to take steps to keep the environment purified and prevent the growth of mold, bacteria, mites, and other contaminants.
At first glance, finding an alternative solution may seem complicated or expensive. However, various studies have shown that incorporating plants into our homes can truly make a difference. It’s worth noting that while all plants contribute to this cause, there are three standout stars that we want to discuss in detail for you to get to know and, why not, include as part of your decor:
Snake Plant / Mother-in-Law’s Tongue
Native to Africa, this plant has no stems and only long leaves that can grow up to 50 cm in length. A 2015 study showed that the snake plant was able to remove 70% of formaldehyde in the air within 24 hours and helped eliminate carbon monoxide in poorly ventilated indoor spaces. Additionally, it has various medicinal uses, such as reducing migraines and acting as a laxative.
Monstera / Swiss Cheese Plant
Known for being a tropical plant native to Central America, with perforated leaves that grow in a vine-like manner. A study conducted in South Korea demonstrated that in small, confined spaces, it can reduce up to 87% of carbon dioxide, formaldehyde, and volatile organic compounds. This makes it an effective, affordable, self-regulating, and sustainable option for improving indoor air quality. Moreover, it has medicinal properties, such as cauterizing wounds and treating infections.
Zamioculcas / ZZ Plant
Native to East Africa, it can reach 70 cm in height and has dark green, glossy leaves. A 2013 study found that it has the potential to reduce the concentration of pollutants such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene in indoor environments. Additionally, in some African countries, it is used to treat ulcers and ear inflammation; however, it is poisonous if ingested.
What makes this trio special?
The answer is simple: they all contain stomata. Stomata are tiny openings in the leaves through which plants exchange gases, absorbing carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen during photosynthesis. Pollutants are captured and processed by the plants, both in the stomata and in their internal tissues, contributing to the biopurification of the air and improving indoor air quality.
Now, if you want to include them in your home, we recommend using at least 2 plants for small spaces (approximately 18 m²) and a minimum of 4 for larger areas (approximately 36 m²).
References
Sharma, S.; Bakht, A.; Jahanzaib, M.; Lee, H.; Park, D. Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Common Indoor Plants in Improving the Indoor Air Quality of Studio Apartments. Atmosphere 2022, 13, 1863. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13111863
Johana, P. o. L. (2016). La biodepuración del aire con plantas purificantes y ornamentales, como alternativa ambiental en el siglo XXI. https://repository.udistrital.edu.co/items/1f5afa8c-5076-49de-ac7c-6d4063d55985
Sharma, S., Bakht, A., Jahanzaib, M., Lee, H. y Park, D. (2022). Evaluación de la eficacia de las plantas de interior comunes para mejorar la calidad del aire interior de los apartamentos tipo estudio. Atmosphere , 13 (11), 1863. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13111863
Sriprapat, W., & Thiravetyan, P. (2013). Phytoremediation of BTEX from Indoor Air by Zamioculcas zamiifolia. Water Air & Soil Pollution, 224(3). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-013-1482-8
